Thursday, June 27, 2013

Biochemists identify protease substrates important for bacterial growth and development

June 27, 2013 ? Reporting this month in Molecular Microbiology, Peter Chien and colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Amherst describe using a combination of biochemistry and mass spectrometry to "trap" scores of new candidate substrates of the protease ClpXP to reveal how protein degradation is critical to cell cycle progression and bacterial development. The new understanding could lead to identifying new antibiotic targets.

As Chien (pronounced Chen) explains, to carry out fundamental life processes such as growing and dividing, cells must orchestrate, in time and location, the production and degradation of hundreds of protein substrates. Even in simple bacteria, protein degradation is critical for making sure these organisms can grow and respond to their environment properly.

Scientists have known that a group of protein machines called energy-dependent proteases are responsible for the majority of this degradation, but what targets these machines recognize and how they do it has been unknown in many cases.

With the new series of experiments in the model bacteria Caulobacter crescentus in the Chien biochemistry and molecular biology laboratory, much more is now understood, he says. "We first generated a protease mutant that could recognize but not destroy its targets, acting as a 'trap' for protease substrates. After purifying this trap from living cells, we used mass spectrometry to identify proteins that were caught, finding over a hundred new candidate substrates. These targets covered all aspects of bacterial growth, including DNA replication, transcription and cytoskeletal changes."

Next, they focused on one of these new targets in detail, a protein called TacA. Caulobacter grow by making two different cell types every time they divide. TacA is responsible for making sure that one of these cell types forms properly.

"We used biochemistry and highly purified proteins to identify what parts of TacA were important for degradation by the ClpXP protease," Chien says. "We then made mutants of TacA that could not be degraded and found that when we expressed them in bacteria, these cells failed to properly develop into the correct cell types. Because developmental changes are essential for pathogenic bacteria to invade their host, these insights could potentially identify new antibiotic targets."

The work was funded by a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences at the National Institutes of Health and by UMass Amherst.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/Gyh3TNAT-yo/130627142551.htm

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KeyMe: Store Your Keys In the Cloud, Never Get Locked Out Again

KeyMe: Store Your Keys In the Cloud, Never Get Locked Out Again

Whether you've got to deal with a crotchety landlord or a dopey locksmith, we can all agree that replacing lost or stolen keys can be a drag. KeyMe, a new service launched this week in New York, seems to have found a solution by storing your keys in the cloud and making them accessible via a kiosk 24/7.

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Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/S66C4oFgjXE/keyme-store-your-keys-in-the-cloud-never-get-locked-o-586549581

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Wednesday, June 26, 2013

Pebble Android App update brings Google Hangouts notifications

Pebble's Android App version 182 brings Google Hangouts notifications

With all the work that Google's put into Hangouts lately, it'd be a shame to miss out when you're pinged to join one, no? If you happen to be sporting a Pebble smartwatch that scenario will be less likely, as version 1.8.2 of its Android app has arrived with notifications for the chat service. Though Pebble supports Google Talk notifications (along with call alerts, text messages, calendar reminders and email previews), Mountain View recently said that Hangouts is the future of Google Voice, making it a prime candidate for alerts. Apart from the extra wrist nag, the update also brings improved stability and developer enhancements. To grab it, check the source below or head to Google Play on your Android device.

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Via: Android Police

Source: Google Play

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/T0xMF-ii668/

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WaterField Designs Finn Wallet review

When I find a product or a brand that I like, I tend to be very loyal to it. As an example, I’ve been using the same exact?WaterField Designs Catch Wallet since I reviewed it back in 2005. ?I even gave them as gifts to everyone on The Gadgeteer team a couple years ago. When [...]

Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/2013/06/25/waterfield-designs-finn-wallets-review/

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Six Libyan soldiers killed in ambush: army | Morocco World News

TRIPOLI, June 25, 2013 (AFP)

Unknown gunmen launched a dawn attack on Tuesday on a Libyan army checkpoint south of Sirte, the home town of former dictator Moamer Kadhafi, killing six soldiers, a military officer said.

?An attack at dawn Tuesday against a checkpoint of the army in the town of Khuchum al-Kheil, south of Sirte, killed six soldiers who were on guard duty,? local military officer Khaled al-Akari was quoted as saying by Lana news agency.

?Two vehicles were burned in the attack,? said the officer, adding that the ?area was cordoned off and a search was on to find the attackers?.

Sirte, the last bastion of Kadhafi to fall into rebel hands in the 2011 uprising, has been largely untouched by the wave of violence shaking the country since the former ruler?s regime fell.

Libya?s new authorities are battling to establish military and security institutions capable of restoring law and order and state authority in the face of armed militias who fought Kadhafi?s forces.

Source: http://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2013/06/95548/six-libyan-soldiers-killed-in-ambush-army/

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10 Bar Bets You'll Never Lose (But Might Get You Punched in the Face)

Gambling might be risky, but not if you know you're going to win. Then it's just free money. If that sounds up your alley, conman extraordinaire Richard Wiseman has yet another set of "bets" for you to try out on your friends. The ones that won't assault when they get wise to what you're up to, anyway.

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Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/DJTYn0qjYiA/10-bar-bets-youll-never-lose-but-might-get-you-punche-559893823

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Tuesday, June 25, 2013

Obama hit by Snowden setbacks with China, Russia

White House press secretary Jay Carney pauses during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, Monday, June 24, 2013. Carney said the U.S. assumes that Edward Snowden is now in Russia and that the White House now expects Russian authorities to look at all the options available to them to expel Snowden to face charges in the U.S. for releasing secret surveillance information . (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

White House press secretary Jay Carney pauses during the daily press briefing at the White House in Washington, Monday, June 24, 2013. Carney said the U.S. assumes that Edward Snowden is now in Russia and that the White House now expects Russian authorities to look at all the options available to them to expel Snowden to face charges in the U.S. for releasing secret surveillance information . (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Graphic shows the geographical career path and recent travels of former NSA contractor Edward Snowden; 3c x 5 inches; 146 mm x 127 mm;

(AP) ? The White House pressed Russia Tuesday to extradite National Security Agency leaker Edward Snowden to face espionage charges, despite Moscow's blunt rejection in a diplomatic face-off threatening recent attempts by the two country's presidents to strengthen their ties.

Snowden's globe-trotting evasion of U.S. authorities already has set back President Barack Obama's recent attempts to cultivated relations with China.

Relations with both countries have been at the forefront of Obama's foreign policy agenda this month, underscoring the intertwined interests among these uneasy partners. Obama met just last week with Russian President Vladimir Putin on the sidelines of the Group of Eight summit in Northern Ireland and held an unusual two-day summit with Chinese President Xi Jinping in California earlier this month.

Obama has made no known phone calls to Xi since Snowden surfaced in Hong Kong earlier this month, nor has he talked to Putin since Snowden arrived in Russia.

Putin said that because there is no extradition agreement with the U.S., it couldn't meet the U.S. request for extradition.

"Mr. Snowden is a free man, and the sooner he chooses his final destination the better it is for us and for him," Putin said. "I hope it will not affect the business-like character of our relations with the U.S. and I hope that our partners will understand that."

National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden responded in a statement that the White House doesn't want Snowden to negatively impact relations with Russia. But she argued Russia has the "clear legal authority" to expel him from a Moscow airport.

"We are asking the Russian government to take action to expel Mr. Snowden without delay and to build upon the strong law enforcement cooperation we have had, particularly since the Boston Marathon bombing," she said.

Former Rep. Jane Harman, D-Calif., said it wasn't clear that Obama's "charm offensive" with Xi and Putin would matter much on this issue. The U.S. has "very little leverage," she said, given the broad array of issues on which the Obama administration needs Chinese and Russian cooperation.

"This isn't happening in a vacuum, and obviously China and Russia know that," said Harman, who now runs the Woodrow Wilson International Center.

Both the U.S. and China had hailed the Obama-Xi summit as a fresh start to a complex relationship, with the leaders building personal bonds during an hour-long walk through the grounds of the Sunnylands estate. But any easing of tensions appeared to vanish Monday following China's apparent flouting of U.S. demands that Snowden be returned from semi-autonomous Hong Kong to face espionage charges.

White House spokesman Jay Carney, in unusually harsh language, said China had "unquestionably" damaged its relationship with Washington.

"The Chinese have emphasized the importance of building mutual trust," Carney said. "We think that they have dealt that effort a serious setback. If we cannot count on them to honor their legal extradition obligations, then there is a problem."

A similar problem may be looming with Russia, where Snowden arrived Sunday.

During a stop in Saudi Arabia, Secretary of State John Kerry said that while it's true the United States does not have an extradition treaty with Russia, Moscow should comply with common law practices between countries concerning fugitives. "I would simply appeal for calm and reasonableness," Kerry said. "We would hope that Russia would not side with someone who is 'a fugitive' from justice.' "

The U.S. has deep economic ties with China and needs the Asian power's help in persuading North Korea to end its nuclear provocations. The Obama administration also needs Russia's cooperation in ending the bloodshed in Syria and reducing nuclear stockpiles held by the former Cold War foes.

Members of Congress so far have focused their anger on China and Russia, not on Obama's inability to get either country to abide by U.S. demands. However, Rep. Peter King, R-N.Y., said in an interview with CNN on Monday that he was starting to wonder why the president hasn't been "more forceful in dealing with foreign leaders."

Sen. John McCain, who lost to Obama in the 2008 presidential election, echoed that concern on Tuesday, telling CNN that "we've got to start dealing with Vladimir Putin for what he is."

The Arizona Republican called Putin "an old KGB colonel apparatchik" who disdains democracy and said that Putin "continues to stick his thumb in our eye."

"When you show the world you're leading from behind, these are the consequences," McCain said.

Former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton echoed the White House's frustration with China. "That kind of action is not only detrimental to the U.S.-China relationship but it sets a bad precedent that could unravel the intricate international agreements about how countries respect the laws ? and particularly the extradition treaties," the possible 2016 presidential contender told an audience in Los Angeles.

Snowden fled to Hong Kong after seizing highly classified documents disclosing U.S. surveillance programs that collect vast amounts of U.S. phone and Internet records. He shared the information with The Guardian and Washington Post newspapers. He also told the South China Morning Post that "the NSA does all kinds of things like hack Chinese cellphone companies to steal all of your SMS data." SMS, or short messaging service, generally means text messaging.

Snowden still has perhaps more than 200 sensitive documents, Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., chairwoman of the Senate Intelligence Committee, said over the weekend.

Hong Kong, a former British colony with a degree of autonomy from mainland China, has an extradition treaty with the U.S. Officials in Hong Kong said a formal U.S. extradition request did not fully comply with its laws, a claim the Justice Department disputes.

The White House made clear it believes the final decision to let Snowden leave for Russia was made by Chinese officials in Beijing.

Russia's ultimate response to U.S. pressure remains unclear. Putin could still agree to return Snowden to the U.S. But he may also let him stay in Russia or head elsewhere, perhaps to Ecuador or Venezuela ? both options certain to earn the ire of the White House.

Fiona Hill, a Russia expert at the Washington-based Brookings Institution, said she expected Putin to take advantage of a "golden opportunity" to publicly defy the White House.

"This is one of those opportunities to score points against the United States that I would be surprised if Russia passed up," Hill said.

___

Follow Julie Pace on Twitter at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-06-25-Obama-Snowden%20Diplomacy/id-7f4d30d7d6604e58915b8af9fff815f3

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